<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/xsl/rss2html.xsl" type="text/xsl" media="screen"?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/scripts/wpcss/wiki/horsesanctuary/skin/girly/rss" type="text/css" media="screen"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"><channel><title>Horse Sanctuary - Recently Updated Pages</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/pageSearch/updated</link><description>Recently Updated Pages on http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com</description><language>en-us</language><webMaster>info@wetpaint.com</webMaster><pubDate>Wed, 14 May 2008 16:56:13 CDT</pubDate><lastBuildDate>Wed, 14 May 2008 16:56:13 CDT</lastBuildDate><generator>wetpaint.com</generator><ttl>60</ttl><image><title>Horse Sanctuary</title><url>http://image.wetpaint.com/image/2/LRLALehnSCzwCJbue7eKoA104308/GW164H200</url><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com</link><description>Horse Sanctuary is a true sanctuary for all horses, horse lovers, and animals related to horses! Horse Sanctuary is in the top Horse wikis on Wetpaint!</description></image><item><title>READ NOW</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/READ+NOW</link><author>PrincessVal</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/READ+NOW</guid><pubDate>Wed, 14 May 2008 16:56:13 CDT</pubDate><description>this website will be deleted in one month&lt;br&gt;please go to freedomatheart.wetpaint.com instead&lt;br&gt;thanks&lt;br&gt;----princessval&lt;br&gt;&amp;lt;3&lt;hr size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</description></item><item><title>Horse Sanctuary</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Horse+Sanctuary</link><author>PrincessVal</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Horse+Sanctuary</guid><pubDate>Wed, 14 May 2008 16:54:54 CDT</pubDate><description>&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times&quot; size=&quot;7&quot;&gt;This website is no longer in use. A new website has been created instead of this. Please go to &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://freedomatheart.wetpaint.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;http://freedomatheart.wetpaint.com&lt;/a&gt;. Freedom at Heart will be 100000 times better than this website, so please go there! I promise you, you&amp;#39;ll have a blast!&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times&quot; size=&quot;7&quot;&gt;-PrincessVal&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;hr size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</description></item><item><title>The New Horse Sanctuary</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/The+New+Horse+Sanctuary</link><author>PrincessVal</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/The+New+Horse+Sanctuary</guid><pubDate>Tue, 25 Mar 2008 10:22:04 CDT</pubDate><description>There is a new Horse Sanctuary on the horizon! Its the ultamate horse sanctuary! Its.... FREEDOM AT HEART!!!  (freedomatheart.wetpaint.com) I, PrincessVal, had some problems with this website, so I made a new one! This new one will be more organized, more fun, and more enjoyable! So go to freedomatheart.wetpaint.com! But it only has 12-20 pages right now, because it&amp;#39;s new. Thanks for reading this!!&lt;hr size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</description></item><item><title>Reproduction</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Reproduction</link><author>PrincessVal</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Reproduction</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Mar 2008 16:52:32 CDT</pubDate><description>&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  &lt;b&gt;ATTENTION!!! CAUTION!!! ATTENTION!!! CAUTION!!! ATTENTION!!! CAUTION!!!&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  &lt;b&gt;PLEASE NOTE: THIS PAGE IS INNAPROPRIATE FOR 12 AND UNDER. IF YOU ARE THAT AGE OR UNDER, PLEASE ASK A PARENT OR GAURDIAN TO VIEW THIS PAGE.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;All animals are made by something. But what? They don&amp;#39;t magically appear. They aren&amp;#39;t &amp;quot;gifts from the heavens.&amp;quot; Well, in a way they are! But how are they made? Its simple. Reproduction. Reproduction is the reproducing of an animal, insect, cell, etc. In other words, its how babies are made. Horses reproduce, as well as other animals. Have you ever heard of mating season? Its just a short way to say reproduction season. Sexual reproduction is basically just reproduction, but its definition is: when a male&amp;#39;s sperm and female&amp;#39;s egg unite to form an offspring. We feel it is wrong to show pictures of this, so we aren&amp;#39;t going to. Please do not ask about any of this. You learn about this in 7th, 8th, or any of the above grades. &lt;br&gt;&lt;hr size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</description></item><item><title>Horse Pictures And Wallpapers</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Horse+Pictures+And+Wallpapers</link><author>PrincessVal</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Horse+Pictures+And+Wallpapers</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Mar 2008 16:41:36 CDT</pubDate><description>      &lt;br&gt;  &lt;br&gt;   &lt;br&gt;  &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;You guys are PERFECTLY welcome to add these to your computer! No charge!&lt;hr size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</description></item><item><title>Friesians: A dedication to Mikay95</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Friesians%3A+A+dedication+to+Mikay95</link><author>PrincessVal</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Friesians%3A+A+dedication+to+Mikay95</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Mar 2008 13:57:59 CDT</pubDate><description>&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  This page is a dedication to my real life friend, Mikay95! I love you, Micaela!&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  Friesians truly are magnificent and beautiful horses. Their rippling muscles and strong-looking forms cause people to make them seem like evil horses in movies and such, but they are actually nothing like that. They are always black, and have hair covering their hooves. Their thick, wavy manes and tails help give you the hint on their breed.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;   &lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;   &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;   &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;   &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;    &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  Micaela, I don&amp;#39;t blame you for loving these amazing creatures! This is only part of your Easter present! :D &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;hr size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</description></item><item><title>Secret Easter Bunny</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Secret+Easter+Bunny</link><author>PrincessVal</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Secret+Easter+Bunny</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Mar 2008 09:45:31 CDT</pubDate><description>&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;   &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  For Easter, we are having several games, and one has to do with a secret Easter bunny! &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  Here is how it works:&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  One member on this site will be chosen to be the secret Easter bunny. That person will go around the whole website leaving Easter goodies in threads (PrincessVal/MustangStar will post the threads for the person), like codes for you to get a free horse on Elviador. If you guess who it is, you get a special prize! Go to the page called Egg-cellent Horses! to find out what the prize is.&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  PrincessVal will ask you soon. She already has her mind made up. But here are some clues to who it is:&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  Although I may be rare,&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  I do surely care! &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  Although I don&amp;#39;t hop,&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  I can&amp;#39;t stop!&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  Although you don&amp;#39;t know who I am,&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  I will always make sure I move silently while dropping off special goodies! &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;hr size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</description></item><item><title>Cool Horse Sites</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Cool+Horse+Sites</link><author>PrincessVal</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Cool+Horse+Sites</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Mar 2008 09:44:21 CDT</pubDate><description>&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://www.angelfire.com/sc2/kshorsepage/frames.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;http://www.angelfire.com/sc2/kshorsepage/frames.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;horseisle.com&lt;br&gt;howrse.com&lt;br&gt;ponybox.com&lt;br&gt;horses.com&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;hr size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</description></item><item><title>Games</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Games</link><author>PrincessVal</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Games</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Mar 2008 09:43:46 CDT</pubDate><description>Here are some awesome random games!&lt;br&gt; &lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;hr size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</description></item><item><title>Horse Companion Shop</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Horse+Companion+Shop</link><author>PrincessVal</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Horse+Companion+Shop</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Mar 2008 09:43:09 CDT</pubDate><description>&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;(Purple=you. Pink=PrincessVal.)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#ae00ff&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;quot;Oh, my horse is so lonely, and wants a companion! Where can I go to get one?&amp;quot;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#ff00a6&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;I have the perfect place for you to go to!&amp;quot;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#ae00ff&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;quot;You do?&amp;quot;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#ff00c3&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Yes! And that wonderful place is the Companion Shop! Why don&amp;#39;t you head there right now? Its right beside the Tack Store and Feed Store!&amp;quot;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#9900ff&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;quot;Thank you!&amp;quot;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;Companion Shop&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;font size=&quot;4&quot;&gt;DOGS:&lt;/font&gt; Pug Colors: Black, tan, or a chocolate/tan Price per dog: 1000 Elviador Coins    Lab Colors: Chocolate, black, or blonde &lt;br&gt;Price per dog: 100 Elviador coins  &lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;hr size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</description></item><item><title>The Anatomy of a Horse</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/The+Anatomy+of+a+Horse</link><author>PrincessVal</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/The+Anatomy+of+a+Horse</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Mar 2008 09:42:28 CDT</pubDate><description>&lt;b&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;4&quot;&gt;Contents of a Horse&amp;#39;s Anatomy:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;   &lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-1&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#External_anatomy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;1 External anatomy&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-1&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#Digestive_system&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;2 Digestive system&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;ul&gt;  &lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-2&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#The_mouth&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;2.1 The mouth&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-2&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#The_esophagus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;2.2 The esophagus&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-2&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#The_stomach&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;2.3 The stomach&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-2&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#The_small_intestine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;2.4 The small intestine&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-2&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#The_large_intestine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;2.5 The large intestine&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;ul&gt;  &lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-3&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#Cecum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;2.5.1 Cecum&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-3&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#Colon&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;2.5.2 Colon&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-1&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#Reproductive_system&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;3 Reproductive system&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;ul&gt;  &lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-2&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#Mare&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;3.1 Mare&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-2&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#Stallion&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;3.2 Stallion&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-1&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#Teeth&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;4 Teeth&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-1&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#Feet.2FHooves&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;5 Feet/Hooves&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-1&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#Skeletal_system&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;6 Skeletal system&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-1&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#Ligaments_and_tendons&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;7 Ligaments and tendons&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;ul&gt;  &lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-2&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#Ligaments&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;7.1 Ligaments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-2&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#Tendons&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;7.2 Tendons&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-1&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#Muscular_system&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;8 Muscular system&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-1&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#Respiratory_system_and_smell&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;9 Respiratory system and smell&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-1&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#Circulatory_system&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;10 Circulatory system&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-1&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#The_eye&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;11 The eye&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;toclevel-1&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#References&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#333333&quot;&gt;12 References&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;font size=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;The External Anatomy:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;ul&gt;  &lt;li&gt;  &lt;b&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back_%28horse%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Back (horse)&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;back&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;: the area where the saddle goes, begins at the end of the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Withers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Withers&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;withers&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, extends to the last thoracic vertebrae. (Colloquially includes the loin or &amp;quot;coupling,&amp;quot; though technically incorrect usage) &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;barrel&lt;/b&gt;: the main body area of the horse, enclosing the rib cage and the major internal organs. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;cannon&lt;/b&gt; or &lt;b&gt;cannon bone&lt;/b&gt;: The area between the knee or hock and the fetlock joint, sometimes called the &amp;quot;shin&amp;quot; of the horse, though technically it is the metacarpal III. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;b&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chestnut_%28horse%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Chestnut (horse)&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;chestnut&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;: a callosity on the inside of each leg &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;chin groove&lt;/b&gt;: the part of the horse&amp;#39;s head behind the lower lip and chin. (the area that dips down slightly on the lower jaw). Area where the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curb_chain&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Curb chain&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;curb chain&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; of certain bits is fastened. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;coupling&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;i&gt;see&lt;/i&gt; &amp;quot;Loin&amp;quot; &lt;i&gt;below&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;b&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_hoof&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Horse hoof&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;coronet&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; or &lt;b&gt;coronary band&lt;/b&gt;: The ring of soft tissue just above the horny hoof that blends into the skin of the leg. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;crest&lt;/b&gt;: the upper portion of the neck where the mane grows. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;croup&lt;/b&gt;: the topline of the horse&amp;#39;s hindquarters, beginning at the hip, extending proximate to the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacral_vertebrae&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Sacral vertebrae&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;sacral vertebrae&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; and stopping at the dock of the tail (where the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccygeal_vertebrae&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Coccygeal vertebrae&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;coccygeal vertebrae&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; begin). &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;dock&lt;/b&gt;: the point where the tail connects to the rear of the horse. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;elbow&lt;/b&gt;: The joint of the front leg at the point where the belly of the horse meets the leg. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homology&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Homology&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;Homologous&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; to the elbow in humans. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;fetlock&lt;/b&gt;: Sometimes (incorrectly) called the &amp;quot;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankle&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Ankle&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;ankle&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&amp;quot; of the horse, though it is not the same skeletal structure as an ankle in humans. Known to anatomists as the metacarpophalangeal joint; homologous to the &amp;quot;ball&amp;quot; of the foot or the metacarpophalangeal joints of the fingers in humans. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;flank&lt;/b&gt;: Where the hind legs and the barrel of the horse meet, specifically the area right behind the rib cage and in front of the stifle joint. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;forearm&lt;/b&gt;: the area of the front leg above the knee. Consists of the fused &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radius&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Radius&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;radius&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; and &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulna&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Ulna&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;ulna&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, and all the tissue around these bones. Anatomically the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antebrachium&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Antebrachium&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;antebrachium&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;forelock&lt;/b&gt;: the continuation of the mane, which hangs from between the ears down onto the forehead of the horse. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;b&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frog_%28horse%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Frog (horse)&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;frog&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;: the highly elastic wedge-shaped mass on the underside of the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_hoof&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Horse hoof&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;hoof&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, which normally makes contact with the ground every stride, supports both the locomotion and circulation of the horse. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;gaskin&lt;/b&gt;: the large muscle on the hind leg, just above the hock, below the stifle. Homologous to the calf of a human. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;girth&amp;#39; &lt;i&gt;or&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;heartgirth&lt;/i&gt;: the area right behind the elbow of the horse, where the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girth_%28tack%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Girth (tack)&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;girth&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; of the saddle would go, this area should be where the barrel is at its greatest diameter in a properly-conditioned horse that is not pregnant or obese. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;hindquarters&lt;/b&gt;: the large, muscular area of the hind legs, above the stifle and behind the barrel of the horse. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;b&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hock_%28zoology%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Hock (zoology)&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;hock&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;: The &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarsus_%28skeleton%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Tarsus (skeleton)&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;tarsus&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; of the horse (hindlimb equivalent to the human ankle and heel), the large joint on the hind leg. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;b&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_hoof&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Horse hoof&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;hoof&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;: The foot of the horse. The hoof wall is the tough outside covering of the hoof that comes into contact with the ground. The hoof wall is, in many respects, a much larger and stronger version of the human fingernail. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;jugular groove&lt;/b&gt;: the line of indentation on the lower portion of the neck, can be seen from either side, just above the windpipe. Beneath this area run the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jugular_vein&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Jugular vein&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;jugular vein&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carotid_artery&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Carotid artery&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;carotid artery&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; and part of the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympathetic_trunk&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Sympathetic trunk&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;sympathetic trunk&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;knee&lt;/b&gt;: the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Carpus&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;carpus&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; of the horse (equivalent to the human wrist), the large joint in the front legs, above the cannon bone &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;loin&lt;/b&gt;: the area right behind the saddle, going from the last rib of the horse to the croup. Anatomically approximate to the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumbar_spine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Lumbar spine&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;lumbar spine&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;b&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mane_%28horse%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Mane (horse)&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;mane&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;: long and relatively coarse hair growing from the dorsal ridge of the neck, lying on either the left or right side of the neck). &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;muzzle&lt;/b&gt;: the chin, mouth, and nostrils of the horse&amp;#39;s face. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;pastern&lt;/b&gt;: The connection between the coronet and the fetlock. Made up of the middle and proximal phalanx. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;b&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poll_%28horse%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Poll (horse)&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;poll&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;: commonly refers to the poll joint at the beginning of the horse&amp;#39;s neck, immediately behind the ears, a slight depression at the joint where the atlas (C1) meets the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occiput&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Occiput&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;occipital crest&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. Anatomically, the occipital crest itself is the &amp;quot;poll.&amp;quot; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;splints&lt;/b&gt;: bones found on each of the legs, on either side of the cannon bone (8 total). Thought to be &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vestigial&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Vestigial&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;vestigages&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, serve no known purpose to the horse. Anatomically referred to as &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metacarpal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Metacarpal&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;Metacarpals&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; II (on the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Anatomical_Terms#Anatomical_directions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Human Anatomical Terms&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;medial aspect&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; (inside)) and IV (on the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Anatomical_Terms#Anatomical_directions&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Human Anatomical Terms&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;lateral aspect&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; (outside)). &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;shoulder&lt;/b&gt;: made up of the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scapula&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Scapula&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;scapula&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; and associated muscles. Runs from the withers to the point of shoulder (the joint at the front of the chest, i.e. the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glenoid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Glenoid&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;glenoid&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;). The angle of the shoulder has a great affect on the horse&amp;#39;s movement and jumping ability, and is an important aspect of &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equine_conformation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Equine conformation&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;equine conformation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;stifle&lt;/b&gt;: The &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patella&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Patella&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;patella&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, corresponds to the kneecap of a human. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;tail&lt;/b&gt;: consists of both the living part of the tail (which consists of the coccygeal vertebrae, muscules, and ligaments), as well as the long hairs which grow from the living part &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;throatlatch&lt;/b&gt;: The point at which the windpipe meets the head at the underside of the jaw. &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;b&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Withers&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Withers&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;withers&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;: the highest point of the thoracic vertebrae, the point just above the tops of the shoulder blades. Seen best with horse standing square and head slightly lowered. The height of the horse is measured at the withers in &amp;quot;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hand_%28measurement%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Hand (measurement)&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;hands&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&amp;quot;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;The Digestive System:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;  &lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;Horses and other Equids evolved as &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grazing&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Grazing&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;grazing&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; animals, adapted to eating small amounts of the same kind of food all day long. In the wild, the horse adapted to eating &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prairie&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Prairie&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;prairie&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; grasses in semi-arid regions and traveling significant distances each day in order to obtain adequate nutrition. Therefore, the digestive system of a horse is about 100 feet (30 m) long, and most of this is intestines. The mouth&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;Digestion begins in the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouth&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Mouth&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;mouth&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, which is also called the &amp;quot;oral cavity.&amp;quot; It is made up of the teeth, the hard palate, the soft palate, the tongue and related muscles, the cheeks and the lips. Horses also have three pairs of salivary glands, the parotid (largest salivary gland and located near the poll), submaxillary (located in the jaw), and sublingual (located under the tongue). Horses select pieces of &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Forage&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;forage&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; and pick up finer foods, such as &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grain&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Grain&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;grain&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, with their sensitive, &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehensile&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Prehensile&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;prehensile&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lip&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Lip&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;lips&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. The front &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_teeth&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Horse teeth&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;teeth&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; of the horse, called &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incisor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Incisor&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;incisors&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, clip &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forage&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Forage&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;forage&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, and food is then pushed back in the mouth by the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongue&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Tongue&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;tongue&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, and ground up for swallowing by the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premolar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Premolar&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;premolars&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; and &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molars&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Molars&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;molars&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;h3&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;The esophagus&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;The &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esophagus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Esophagus&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;esophagus&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; is about 4-5 feet in length, and carries food to the stomach. A muscular ring, called the cardiac sphincter, connects the stomach to the esophagus. This sphincter is very well developed in horses. This and the oblique angle at which the esophagus connects to the stomach explains why horses cannot &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vomit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Vomit&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;vomit&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. The esophagus is also the area of the digestive tract where horses may suffer from &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choke_%28horse%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Choke (horse)&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;choke&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;  &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;h3&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;The stomach&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;Horses have a relatively small &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Stomach&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;stomach&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; for their size, and this limits the amount of feed a horse can take in at one time. The average sized horse (800 to 1200 lb) has a stomach with a capacity of only four gallons, and works best when it contains about two gallons. Because the stomach empties when 2/3 full, whether stomach enzymes have completed their processing of the food or not, and doing so prevents full digestion and proper utilization of feed, continuous foraging or several small feedings per day are preferable to one or two large ones. The horse stomach consists of a non-glandular proximal region (saccus cecus), divided by a distinct border, the margo plicata, from the glandular distal stomach.&lt;/font&gt;  &lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;In the stomach, assorted &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastric_juice&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Gastric juice&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;acids&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; and the enzyme &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepsin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Pepsin&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;pepsin&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; break down food. Pepsin allows for the further breakdown of proteins into &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Amino acid&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;amino acid&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; chains. Other enzymes include &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Resin_%28enzyme%29&amp;action=edit&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Resin (enzyme)&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;resin&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; and &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipase&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Lipase&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;lipase&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. Additionally, the stomach absorbs some water, as well as ions and lipid soluble compounds. The end product is food broken down into &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chyme&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Chyme&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;chyme.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; It then leaves the stomach through the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyloric_valve&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Pyloric valve&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;pyloric valve&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, which controls the flow of food out of stomach.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;h3&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;The small intestine&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;The horse&amp;rsquo;s &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_intestine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Small intestine&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;small intestine&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; is 50 to 70 feet (21 m) long and holds 10 to 12 gallons. This is the major digestive organ, and where most nutrients are absorbed. It has three parts, the duodenum, jejunum and ileum. The majority of digestion occurs in the duodenum while the majority of absorption occurs in the jejunum. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bile&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Bile&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;Bile&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; from the liver aids in digesting fats in the duodenum combined with &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Enzyme&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;enzymes&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; from the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreas&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Pancreas&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;pancreas&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; and small intestine . Horses do not have a &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gall_bladder&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Gall bladder&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;gall bladder&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, so bile flows constantly. Most food is digested and absorbed into the bloodstream from the small intestine, including proteins, simple carbohydrate, fats, and vitamines A, D, and E. Any remaining liquids and roughage move into the large intestine.&lt;/font&gt;  &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;h3&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;The large intestine&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;[&lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Horse_anatomy&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Edit section: Cecum&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;edit&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;] Cecum &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;The &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cecum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Cecum&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;cecum&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; is the first section of the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_intestine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Large intestine&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;large intestine&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. It is also known as the &amp;quot;water gut&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;hind gut.&amp;quot; It is a cul-de-sac pouch, about 4 feet (1.2 m) long that holds 7 to 8 gallons. It contains &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteria&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Bacteria&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;bacteria&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; that digest &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulose&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Cellulose&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;cellulose&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; plant &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Fiber&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;fiber&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; through &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermentation_%28biochemistry%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Fermentation (biochemistry)&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;fermentation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. These bacteria feed upon digestive chyme, and also produce certain fat-soluble vitamins which are absorbed by the horse. The reason horses must have their diets changed slowly is so the bacteria in the cecum are able to modify and adapt to the different chemical structure of new feedstuffs. Too abrupt a change in diet can cause &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_colic&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Horse colic&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;colic&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, as the new food is not properly digested.&lt;/font&gt;  &lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;[&lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Horse_anatomy&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Edit section: Colon&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;edit&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;] Colon &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;The large &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colon_%28anatomy%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Colon (anatomy)&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;colon&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, small colon, and &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Rectum&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;rectum&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; make up the remainder of the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_intestine&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Large intestine&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;large intestine&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. The large colon is 10-12 feet long and holds up to 20 gallons of semi-liquid matter. It is made up of the right lower (ventral) colon, the left lower (ventral) colon, the left upper (dorsal) colon, the right upper (dorsal) colon, and the transverse colon. Its main purpose it to absorb carbohydrates which were broken down from cellulose in the cecum. Due to its many twists and turns, it is a common place for a type of &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_colic&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Horse colic&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;horse colic&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; called an impaction.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;The small colon leads is 10-12 feet in length and holds only 5 gallons of material. It is the area where the majority of water in the horse&amp;#39;s diet is absorbed, and is also it is the place where &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fecal&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Fecal&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;fecal&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; balls are formed. The &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Rectum&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;rectum&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; is about one foot long, and acts as a holding chamber for waste matter, which is then expelled from the body via the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anus&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Anus&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;anus&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;4&quot;&gt;The Reproductive System:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Mare:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;The reproductive system of the mare is responsible for controlling gestation, birth, lactation, as well as the estrus cycle and mating behavior of the mare. It lies ventral to the 4th or 5th lumbar vertebrae, although its position within the mare can vary depending on the movement of the intestines and distention of the bladder.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;The mare has two ovaries, usually 7-8 cm in length and 3-4 cm thick, that generally tend to decrease in size as the mare ages. The ovaries connect to the fallopian tubes (oviducts), which serve to move the ovum from the ovary to the uterus. To do so, the oviducts are lined with a layer of &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cilia&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Cilia&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;cilia&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, which produce a current that flows toward the uterus. Each oviduct attaches to one of the two horns of the uterus, which are approximately 20-25 cm in length. These horns attach to the body of the uterus (18-20 cm long). Caudal to the uterus is the cervix, about 5-7 cm long, which enters the vagina. Usually 3.5-4 cm in diameter, it can expand to allow the passage of the foal. The vagina of the mare is 15-20 cm long, and is quite elastic, allowing it to expand. The vulva is the external opening of the vagina, and consists of the clitoris and two labia. It lies ventral to the rectum. The mare has two mammary glands, which are smaller in virgin mares. They have two ducts each, which open externally.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;Stallion:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;The reproductive system of the stallion is responsible for the sexual behavior and secondary sex characteristics (such as a large crest) of the stallion. The external genitalia comprise:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;ul&gt;  &lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testes&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Testes&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;testes&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, which are suspended horizontally within the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrotum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Scrotum&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;scrotum&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. The testes of an average stallion are ovoids 8 to 12 cm long; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penis&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Penis&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;penis&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, within the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prepuce&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Prepuce&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;prepuce&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, also known as the &amp;quot;sheath.&amp;quot; When not erect, the penis is housed within the prepuce, 50 cm long and 2.5 to 6 cm in diameter with the distal end 15 to 20 cm. When erect, the penis doubles in length and thickness and the glans increases by 3 to 4 times. The &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urethra&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Urethra&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;urethra&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; opens within the &lt;b&gt;urethral fossa&lt;/b&gt;, a small pouch at the distal end of the glans. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;The internal genitalia comprise the accessory sex glands:&lt;/font&gt;  &lt;br&gt;&lt;ul&gt;  &lt;li&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesicular_glands&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Vesicular glands&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;vesicular glands&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;; &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostate_gland&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Prostate gland&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;prostate gland&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;; and &lt;/font&gt;  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulbourethral_glands&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Bulbourethral glands&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;bulbourethral glands&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;These contribute fluid to the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semen&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Semen&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;semen&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; at &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ejaculation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Ejaculation&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;ejaculation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, but are not strictly necessary for fertility&lt;/font&gt;  &lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Teeth:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;A horse&amp;#39;s teeth include &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incisor&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Incisor&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;incisors&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premolar&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Premolar&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;premolars&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar_%28tooth%29&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Molar (tooth)&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;molars&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, and sometimes canine teeth. A horse&amp;#39;s incisors, premolars, and molars, once fully developed, continue to erupt throughout its lifetime as the grinding surface is worn down through chewing. Because of this pattern of wear, a rough estimate of a horse&amp;#39;s age can be made from an examination of the teeth.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;4&quot;&gt;Feet/Hooves:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;The &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_hoof&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Horse hoof&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;hoof&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; of the horse encases the second and third &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phalanges&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Phalanges&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;phalanx&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; of the lower limbs, analogous to the fingertip or toe tip of a human. In essence, a horse travels on its &amp;quot;tiptoes.&amp;quot; The hoof wall is a much larger, thicker and stronger version of the human &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fingernail&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Fingernail&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;fingernail&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; or toenail, made up of similar materials, primarily &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keratin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Keratin&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;keratin&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, a very strong &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Protein&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;protein&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; molecule. The horse&amp;#39;s hoof contains a high proportion of &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfur&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Sulfur&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;sulfur&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;-containing &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acids&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Amino acids&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;amino acids&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; which contribute to its resilience and toughness.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;4&quot;&gt;Skeletal System:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;The &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeleton&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Skeleton&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;skeleton&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; of the horse has three major functions in the body. It protects vital organs, provides framework, and supports soft parts of the body. Horses have 205 bones, which are divided into the appendicular skeleton (the legs) and the axial skeleton (the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skull&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Skull&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;skull&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebral_column&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Vertebral column&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;vertebral column&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sternum&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Sternum&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;sternum&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, and &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Ribs&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;ribs&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;). Both pelvic and thoracic limbs contain the same number of bones, 20 bones per limb. Bones are connected to muscles via tendons and other bones via ligaments. Bones are also used to store minerals, and are the site of &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_blood_cell&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Red blood cell&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;red blood cell&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; formation.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;4&quot;&gt;Ligaments:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligament&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Ligament&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;Ligaments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; attach bone to bone, and are vital in stabilizing joints as well as supporting structures. They are made up of fibrous material that is generally quite strong. Due to their relatively poor blood supply, ligament injuries generally take a long time to heal.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Tendons:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tendon&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Tendon&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;Tendons&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; attach muscles and bone, and are classified as flexors (flex a joint) or extensors (extend a joint). However, some tendons will flex multiple joints and extend another (the flexor tendons of the hind limb, for example, will flex the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetlock&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Fetlock&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;fetlock&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, pastern, and coffin joint, but extend the hock joint). In this case, they keep the name they received on the front leg. Tendons are easily damaged if placed under too much strain, which can result in a painful, and possibly career-ending, injury. These injuries are most commonly seen in high performance horses that gallop or jump.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Muscular System:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;When a muscle contracts, it pulls tendons, and in turn the horse&amp;#39;s bones, to move them. Muscles are arranged in pairs so that they oppose each other (they are &amp;quot;antagonists&amp;quot;), with one flexing the joint (a flexor muscle) and the other extending it (extensor muscle). Therefore, one muscle of the pair must be relaxed in order for the other muscle in the pair to contract and bend the joint properly. A muscle is &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;made up of several muscle bundles, which in turn are made up of muscle fibers. Muscle fibers have &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myofibril&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Myofibril&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;myofibrils&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, which are able to contract due to &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Actin&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;actin&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt; and &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myosin&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Myosin&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;myosin&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;. A muscle together with its tendon and bony attachments form an extensor or flexor unit.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Respiritory System and Smell:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;The horse&amp;#39;s circulatory system includes the four-chambered heart, averaging 8.5 lb (3.9 kg) in weight, as well as the blood and blood vessels. Its main purpose is to circulate blood throughout the body to deliver oxygen and nutrients to tissues, and to remove waste from these tissues&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;4&quot;&gt;The Eye:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;The horse has the largest eye of all land mammals, and is designed to help the horse as a prey animal. It provides the horse with a wide field of &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocular_vision&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Monocular vision&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;monocular vision&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, as well as good visual acuity and some ability to see color. Because the horse&amp;#39;s vision is closely tied to his behavior, the horse&amp;#39;s visual abilities are often taken into account when handling and training the animal.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#ff0000&quot; size=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;PLEASE NOTE: This information was copied and pasted from the following link: &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#External_anatomy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#External_anatomy&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_anatomy#External_anatomy&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;   &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://www.frontrangefrenzy.com/horsecare/parts_of_a_horse.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;http://www.frontrangefrenzy.com/horsecare/parts_of_a_horse.html&quot;&gt;http://www.frontrangefrenzy.com/horsecare/parts_of_a_horse.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;   &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://www.freewebs.com/jumpa-bit-higher/info/anatomy.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;http://www.freewebs.com/jumpa-bit-higher/info/anatomy.htm&quot;&gt;http://www.freewebs.com/jumpa-bit-higher/info/anatomy.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/li&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.patch-corner-crafts2004.co.uk/images/PCC1022.jpg&amp;imgrefurl=http://www.patch-corner-crafts2004.co.uk/index.php%3FcPath%3D17&amp;h=524&amp;w=400&amp;sz=31&amp;hl=en&amp;start=227&amp;sig2=9gh4V5GAAhKaXU9knh9-CQ&amp;um=1&amp;tbnid=Vu79HdWSNEpLKM:&amp;tbnh=132&amp;tbnw=101&amp;ei=7mbgR97jBKGQgAOOq-moBQ&amp;prev=/images%3Fq%3DEaster%2BEgg%26start%3D220%26ndsp%3D20%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;br&gt;&lt;hr size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</description></item><item><title>Horses: Better than boys!</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Horses%3A+Better+than+boys%21</link><author>PrincessVal</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Horses%3A+Better+than+boys%21</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Mar 2008 09:41:41 CDT</pubDate><description>&lt;table cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&gt;  &lt;tbody&gt;  &lt;tr&gt;  &lt;td&gt;  &lt;div&gt;   &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;br&gt;Do you know what that says? It says: Horses will love you forever, and can show you magic, better than any boy ever will.&lt;br&gt;I believe that is true. For all you girls out there, have you ever noticed that all boys seem to pay attention to is looks? I mean, there is probably millions of people out there that have average looks, but a great personality, and the guys just go for the dumb, amazingly beautiful girls. Hurtful, huh? And boys always end up cheating on someone.&lt;br&gt;Girls, on the other hand, can be a little rough. Its just the populars, though. Well, not all. But they always have to look &amp;quot;hott, sexy,&amp;quot; and even &amp;quot;eye-catching.&amp;quot; Its stupid, huh? I, PrincessVal, don&amp;#39;t really care how I look at all.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;If you agree with the saying about, post a thread saying so!&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;People who agree:&lt;br&gt;PrincessVal,&lt;br&gt;Mustangstar,&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;table cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&gt;  &lt;tbody&gt;  &lt;tr&gt;  &lt;td&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;   &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;hr size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</description></item><item><title>The First Horse</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/The+First+Horse</link><author>PrincessVal</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/The+First+Horse</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Mar 2008 09:40:58 CDT</pubDate><description>Have you ever wondered how horses first set foot on this earth? Have you though and dreamed of the first horse? Well, dream no more! Below this paragraph is an article packed with information about the first horse!&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;During the ice age, a horse known as &lt;i&gt;Eohippus&lt;/i&gt; roamed the earth. It had two separate toes, just like a modern-day deer or camel. Surprisingly, this horse was only one-foot long! Wow, twelve inches! Anyway, this horse had &lt;i&gt;a lot&lt;/i&gt; of fur, especially because it was the ice age. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Eohippus soon developed into &lt;i&gt;Messohippus&lt;/i&gt;. The only difference between Messohippus and Eohippus was that Messohippuss was half a foot longer.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Soon, Messohippus grew larger and its toes moved closer together. A new breed had developed. &lt;i&gt;Merychippus&lt;/i&gt; was the name of this new creature. Merychippuss was slightly larger the Eohippus. was about two feet and a half long. Some say it was brownish with light tan stripes going down its back, but we&amp;#39;re not positively sure. Many beleive the realy name is Messohippus, but call it what you want. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Soon, Merychippus grew larger and turned into &lt;i&gt;Pliohippus&lt;/i&gt;. Pliohippus was barely any different from Merychippus. Pliohippus was three feet long. Its toes were almost fully stuck together. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Soon, Pliohippus grew larger and larger, finally developing into the horse we know today, &lt;i&gt;Eqqus&lt;/i&gt;. For more information, visit: &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/horses/horse_evol.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/horses/horse_evol.html&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;  &lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;hr size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</description></item><item><title>Science of Horses</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Science+of+Horses</link><author>PrincessVal</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Science+of+Horses</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Mar 2008 09:40:25 CDT</pubDate><description>In science classes, horses are extremely rare to be mentioned. But when you are learning about &lt;i&gt;cells &lt;/i&gt;in fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth grade, or higher, you are taught about animal cells. Horses are animals, aren&amp;#39;t they? So technically in your science classes you learn about horses, too.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;A Horse&amp;#39;s Cell/Animal Cell:&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;As you can see from the picture above, cells are highly complex. Here are some definitions of the main parts of an animal cell:&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Nucleus-the control center of a cell; directs the cells activities.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Cell Wall-a stiff outer layer of a cell that protects it.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Cell Membrane-protects the cell and allows nutrients and proteins in.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Chloroplasts-&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Mitochondria-&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Chromosomes-&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;(Brain tester: Can you finish the last three definitions? Post a thread with the last definitions.)&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;hr size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</description></item><item><title>Silly Pictures</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Silly+Pictures</link><author>PrincessVal</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Silly+Pictures</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Mar 2008 09:39:55 CDT</pubDate><description>*Laughs histerically* These pictures are so funny! Why don&amp;#39;t you take a snort at &amp;#39;em?&lt;br&gt; Giggle (the horse): Hehe! Haha! You look funny!&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Ok, people, prepare yourselves... the next pic might or might not be funny, depending on wether or not the horse lived... I&amp;#39;m going to check its link to make sure it lived... Yup, it lived, but was injured. Ok, here&amp;#39;s the pic:&lt;br&gt; The horse, Slamma-jamma: Give me back my apples and carrots! Now, you stupid fatty!&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; The horse, Cutie Pie: Hey, lemmie help you there! Hey, hey, heyyy!!&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;hr size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</description></item><item><title>Quizzes</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Quizzes</link><author>PrincessVal</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Quizzes</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Mar 2008 09:38:44 CDT</pubDate><description>How much Horse Knowledge do you have?&lt;br&gt;1. What is an adult male horse called? &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;2. What is an adult female horse called?&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;3. What is a male foal, and a female foal?&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;4. What are foals?&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;5. What are foals called at the age of 2?&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;6. In the wild, who leads the herd to grazing grounds, water holes, etc?&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;7. In the wild, who all protects the herd?&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Send a message to PrincessVal with your answers!&lt;br&gt; &lt;hr size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</description></item><item><title>Fun Stuff</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Fun+Stuff</link><author>PrincessVal</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Fun+Stuff</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Mar 2008 09:38:12 CDT</pubDate><description>Go to the &lt;a href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Random+Key+Faces&quot; target=&quot;_self&quot;&gt;Random Key Faces&lt;/a&gt; page and &lt;a href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Random+Stuff&quot; target=&quot;_self&quot;&gt;Random Stuff&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;    &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;   &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;    &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  Stick around for more fun knick-knacks!!&lt;/div&gt;&lt;hr size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</description></item><item><title>ASPCA</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/ASPCA</link><author>PrincessVal</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/ASPCA</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Mar 2008 09:37:43 CDT</pubDate><description>&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;   &lt;/div&gt;The ASPCA is an American Society for teh Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. ALL animals. There should be a local ASPCA near you or where you live. When someone you know or someone who lives close to you is being abusive to an animal or treating it cruelly, call your local ASPCA. If there is one nearby, there is always a number in the phonebook. The ASPCA will normally have officers come out and check out the animals or seize them from their owners. To learn about the ASPCA, watch Animal Planet, if you have Cable/Cable One television. Go to &lt;a class=&quot;external&quot; href=&quot;http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.comhttp://aspca.org/site/PageServer&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;http://aspca.org/site/PageServer&lt;/a&gt; if you would like to learn more. You can also sign a pledge that has a goal to get one million people to sign it to help prevent animal cruelty. The ASPCA works to save all animals, including horses. If you watch Animal Planet enough, then you will see on Houston Animal Cops (or Houston ASPCA) what cruel things are done to horses. There are also other ASPCA shows on Animal Planet. Join the ASPCA. Save an animal.   &lt;br&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  Don&amp;#39;t let all animals live their lives like this puppy did:&lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;   &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;   &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;   &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;hr size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</description></item><item><title>Partner Wikis</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Partner+Wikis</link><author>PrincessVal</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Partner+Wikis</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Mar 2008 09:37:15 CDT</pubDate><description>Do you have a totally awesome wiki that is so lonely it just wants a friend? Horse Sanctuary has a sister, but she needs friends, too! &lt;br&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;   &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  &lt;table cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&gt;  &lt;tbody&gt;  &lt;tr&gt;  &lt;td&gt;  &lt;div&gt;   &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;   &lt;/div&gt;  &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;  &lt;table cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&gt;  &lt;tbody&gt;  &lt;tr&gt;  &lt;td&gt;  &lt;div&gt;   &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;hr size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</description></item><item><title>Tips on Drawing Horses</title><link>http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Tips+on+Drawing+Horses</link><author>PrincessVal</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://horsesanctuary.wetpaint.com/page/Tips+on+Drawing+Horses</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Mar 2008 09:36:44 CDT</pubDate><description>Hey, all you members! I&amp;#39;ve been told SO MANY TIMES that I draw amazing horses, so I&amp;#39;ve decided to give you guys tips on drawing them and such!&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;First of all, each horse has its own shape, size, color, and look. So draw different head and body shapes for different breeds. For morgans and such you can make their forehead straight, and for arabians you can make it dished in the muzzle area. Dished means curved in. For a quarter horse you can make a broad face with a small half circle below the ears to put its eyes in. If you don&amp;#39;t know what I&amp;#39;m talking about, I&amp;#39;ll try to get some sketches of mine to show you what I mean. Foals have thin, long legs. Although it may look funny at first when you make them have long legs, when you&amp;#39;re done it looks like a foal! Foals have foreheads that curve outward, and slowly go back to the shape of the nose. They have big gleaming eyes. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;When drawing, sketch. Sketching is just brushing your pencil lightly on the paper instead of pushing it down as hard as you do when writing an essay or such. Make sure the body is shaped just right.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;For coloring, you can shade the horse&amp;#39;s body in. In some areas you can shade lighter to make it look like the horse has a shiny coat. You might want to do that for the mane or tail, because it looks good when you do. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Ok, this really bothers me: people think horse&amp;#39;s ears are shaped like triangles, so thats how they draw them. But they aren&amp;#39;t. Horse&amp;#39;s ears are actually curved, believe it or not!&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;NOTE: I will have drawings and sketches of mine posted on this page soon.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Drawings from Flikr:&lt;br&gt;(Please Note: Do not copy some one else&amp;#39;s art. It doesn&amp;#39;t make you an artist. It makes you a phony.)&lt;br&gt;   &lt;br&gt;    &lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;hr size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</description></item></channel></rss>